| Crossover thrash | |
|---|---|
| Stylistic origins | Thrash metal, hardcore punk |
| Cultural origins | Early 1980s, United States, particularly greater Los Angeles, New York City, the San Francisco, California Bay Area, and Houston |
| Typical instruments | Vocals – Electric guitar – Bass guitar – Drums |
| Mainstream popularity | Underground in mid 1980s, moderate in late 1980s to early 1990s, underground since then. Minor resurgence in mid 2000s. |
| Derivative forms | Hatecore |
| Subgenres | |
| Skate punk, youth crew | |
| Fusion genres | |
| Grindcore, groove metal, metalcore | |
| Regional scenes | |
| Nardcore | |
| Other topics | |
| Crossover rock - Thrashcore | |
Crossover thrash, often abbreviated to crossover,[1] sometimes called also punk metal, is a form of thrash metal that contains more hardcore punk elements than standard thrash. The genre lies on a continuum between heavy metal and punk rock. Other genres on the same continuum have significant overlap with crossover thrash, and besides tradition hardcore punk and thrash metal, include such related genres as thrashcore, grindcore and skate punk.
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The genre is often confused with thrashcore, which is essentially a faster hardcore punk rather than a more punk-oriented form of metal.[2][3] Throughout the early and mid 1980s, the term "thrash" was often used as a synonym for hardcore punk (as in the New York Thrash compilation of 1982). The term "thrashcore" to distinguish acts of the genre from others was not coined until at least 1993.[4] Many crossover bands, such as D.R.I., began as influential thrashcore bands.[2] The "-core" suffix of "thrashcore" is sometimes used to distinguish it from crossover thrash and thrash metal, the latter of which is often referred to simply as "thrash", which in turn is rarely used to refer to crossover thrash or thrashcore. Thrashcore is occasionally used by the music press to refer to thrash metal-inflected metalcore.[5]
Crossover thrash evolved when performers in metal began borrowing elements of hardcore punk's music. Punk-based metal bands generally evolved into the genre by developing more musical technique than the average hardcore outfit, and getting bored with the musical limitations of "pure" hardcore (which focused on very fast tempos and very brief songs). Especially early on, crossover thrash had a strong affinity with skate punk, but gradually became more and more the province of metal audiences. The scene gestated at a Berkeley club called Ruthie's, in 1984.[6] The term "metalcore" was originally used to refer to these crossover groups.[2] Hardcore punk groups Corrosion of Conformity,[7][8][9][10] Dirty Rotten Imbeciles[11] and Suicidal Tendencies[12][13] played alongside thrash metal groups like Megadeth, Anthrax, Metallica and Slayer. This scene influenced the skinhead wing of New York hardcore, which began in 1984, and included groups such as Cro-Mags,[14] Beastie Boys, Murphy's Law, Agnostic Front,[15][16] and Warzone.[17] Other prominent crossover thrash groups include Nuclear Assault, Short Sharp Shock (SSS), Stormtroopers of Death,[11][18] Cryptic Slaughter, SSD, DYS, Gwar, and Septic Death, Electro Hippies, The Exploited, and Discharge.
Crossover incorporates fast paced thrash riffs mixed with breakdown riffs commonly used in hardcore and helped forge a derivative known as groove metal (sometimes referred to as post-thrash). Drumming is typically done at high speed, with D-beats sometimes being used.[19]
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